Up-ender



W. C. ROE

UP-ENDER June 17, 1952 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. 15, 1945 MLLMM C- 205 ATTORJVEY-S' W. C. ROE

June 17, 1952 UP-ENDER s Shee Filed Dec. 15, 1945 WIL LIAM C'- ROE B) W. C. ROE

June 17, 1952 UP-ENDER 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Dec. 15, 1945 INVENTOR. MLLIAM c. 30!

Patented June 17, 1952 UP-ENDER William C. Hoe, Elyria, Ohio, assignor to The Colson Corporation, Elyria, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application December 15, 1945, Serial No. 635,322

13 Claims. 1

This invention relates to drum and barrel handling mechanisms and more particularly to an up-ending truck or device for raising or lifting drums or barrels from a prone to an upright position.

In order to up-end a drum, barrel or a similar substantially cylindrical object as easily as possible I have provided in my invention that it be gripped at successive places along its length with changing forces and motions as the raising and tipping proceeds. I prefer to first grip the barrel at the extreme end to be lifted and apply a maximum lifting force through a minimum moment arm to initiate the lifting movement with great mechanical advantage. Then while the lifting and tipping movement proceeds, and as center of gravity shifts, I provide a progressively or relatively decreasing mechanical advantage for the lifter wherewith to gain increasing movement of the load (drum) relative to movement applied by the lifter.

As the barrel is raised from a horizontal to a vertical position the center of gravity approaches and then passes the vertical line or plane of the barrels pivot point. Similarly the center of gravity is raised less amounts per unit of angular tipping movement as the vertical line or plane of the pivot point is approached. For this reason the force required to lift and tip the barrel decreases until the center of gravity passes over the pivot point and then gravity pulls the barrel from its inclined to an upright position. My invention operates in harmony with and takes advantage of these phenomena as will presently appear.

It is among the objects of my invention to provide a device, which I shall refer to as an upender, with which drums, barrels and the like can be easily raised from their side or prone positions to their end or upright positions. Another object is to provide such a device that can be readily moved to and from the place or places where drums are to be up-ended and which can be conveniently stored in a modest space. Another object is to provide an up-ender of simple, rugged and economical design and construction adapted to be used efiiciently with a wide variety of sizes, shapes, kinds and varieties of drums, barrels and similar containers. A further object is to provide an up-ender that can be employed conveniently among a plurality of drums or barrels lying closely adjacent Wherewith to up-end particular and selected drums without interference with others. Another object is to provide an up-ender that can easily 2 engage points near the end of the barrel to be raised and on opposite sides of the barrel axis. A still further object is to provide such a device that can easily be moved into position underlying the barrel on each side of the axis. An additional object of the invention is to provide an up-ender that engages the barrel as it is lifted as successive positions progressively nearer the end about which the barrel is pivoted. A still further object is to provide a device that may be moved bodily beneath the barrel and toward the barrel pivot as the barrel is raised. A further and additional object is to provide an up-ender with which great force may be applied to overcome the inertia of the barrel at the time it is initially moved followed by the application of the lifting force in such manner as to increase by increments the speed at which the barrel is lifted until it falls over on its end. 1

Other objects of the invention and the construction and operation of preferred and modified embodiments thereof will appear from the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a perspective view of the invention embodied in its preferred form; Figures 2, 3 and 4 illustrate its position in use during successive stages as a barrel is up-ended; Figure 5 is a plan view of one of the barrel engaging arms of the preferred form of my invention; Figure 6 is an enlarged section taken on the lines 6-6 of Figure 5; Figure 7 is a side elevation of the arm shown in Figure 5; Figure 8 is a view showing the shape of the handle, and Figure 9 is a side elevation of the handle showing the footsteps. Figure 10 is a fragmentary perspective view similar to Figure 1 showing a modified form of my invention; Figure 11 is a plan view of the lower portion of the up-ender shown in Figure 10; Figure 12 is a view partly in section and elevation taken-along the line l2-!2 of Figure 11, and Figure 13 is a dia grammatic illustration of a drum upon which is shown in dotted lines the approximate points of progressive contact to be made by engagement with the device of Figures 10-12 when the drum is up-ended. a

In general the up-ender that forms the present invention in a preferred form consists of a pair of spaced substantially parallel arms to which a shaft or tongue with a, manually engageable handle is secured at an angle of about at an axle member carrying a wheel at each end. Two steps, one for a short and one for a tall person, are secured to the shaft to facilitate the operaions shown in Figures 2 and 3. The arms are so made that each, coincident with the other, engages the barrel or drum D at points successively closer to the far end of the barrel remote from the operator to cradle and raise the near end of the barrel as the shaft and arms are rocked as a unit about the axle member while the axle is advanced on its wheels toward and in part under thebarrel. The arms are preferably composed of a'plurality of relatively movable sections so that those points of contact on the arms closest to the barrel pivot point and farthest from the axle do not engage the sides thereof until the barrel is swung upwardly, of. FiguresB and l.

Having in mind the desirability of using my up-ender with a wide variety of sizes and shapes of drums, barrels and the like the load engagin arms may have Such lengthas' to underlie the barrel from the head end thereof, to which the up-ender is addressed, substantially to the midportion of a large size barrel. Since, however, the arms have arr'initially short effective length as the head-end of the'barrel is raised and acquire their greater effective lengthas the raising and tippingproceedsit is practicable to avoid having the points of contact between the arms and the barrel nearer the vertical line of the pivot point of" the barrel than the vertical line of the center of gravity thereof. That is to say while I desire the arms to have rlatively g're'at length wherewith to facilitate the up-nding of long barrels or drums those skilledin-the art will appreciate thatif the effective length of the arms (or the forward disposition of the ends thereof) were such as to get the points of contact between the foremost ends o f the arms and the sides of the drum more remote from the fulcrum of the up ender thanthe center of gravity of the barrel the tendency would be to lift the-barrel bodily and perhaps tip it toward the up-ehder rather than away from it. h v

While' the arms are effecting progressive points of contact, Figures 2 to 4, it will also be noted that the up-ender as a' whole is in turn pivoting about its points of contactwith the drum and rolling on its Wheels toward the drum whereby to give the operator one kind of varying mechanical advantage anala'gous to that of theinclined plane as the wheels' and axle are advanced toward and under the load, while preserving and varying the mechanical advantage'of the lever which comprises tlieto'ng'ue and arms fulcruming on the moving a-xle.

Referring more particularly to the drawings an axle sleeve [0, through which the axle I} extends, is rigidly connected at it middle with the lowerendof the tongue if) as by the welded joint l4, andis rigidly secured at its ends as by welded joints 2 6 to member plate parts 39 of the rearward parts of the arms 43. A forked brace; l8 preferably welded and secured to the mid-portion of the tongue as at is at its upper end-and secured as by welded joints I! at its lower ends to cross members 33 in the parts 25 of firearms l3 completes the unitary assembly of the tongue, axle sleeve and arms for unitary pivotal movement about the axis of the axle I2 and wheels H. The rearward parts 25 of the arms 13 comprise the inner plates mentioned above and outer plates 3!,- See Figure 5, which are joined. and space'dbythe members 33, preferably welded thereto, lust forwardly of the wheels H and are also spaced at the axis of the wheels by removable spacing sleeves}! through which the axle l2 passes and upon which are mounted the wheel bearings 8." The axle 12 preferably has aremovable close sliding fit within the sleeves 9 and i0 and with the aligned holes in the plates 30 and 31 wherewith to facilitate assembly and/or replacement of the parts. Nuts 1 on the threaded ends of the axle I2 secure the assembly and clamp the sleeves 9 between the plates 30 and 3!. The Wheel bearings 8 are preferably of the anti-friction type, and the wheels'm'ay'be tired with rubber or" otherwise as the character of use reduires'or'suggests.

A tubular handle bar I9 is rigidly secured to the top end of the tongue IS. The handle bar is bowed as at 21] and preferably lies in the plane of the tongue 15 and sleeve ill. The bowed portion is of sufiicieht depth and curvature to permit the operator to movehis body forward more or less into it, Figure 3; as he manipulates the up-ender while grasping the two hand grips 22 at the ends of the bow. The axes of the rips 22 are not coincident, see Figure 8, but each inclines downwardly at an angle of substantially thirteen degrees (l3)' to a'straight line connecting their tips. This permits the operators hands to move easily about the grips as the up ender is used. Thacher-am preferably holds the grips 22 with his palms down when the tongue I5 is approximately vertical. Thereafter as he pulls the handlebar downwardly to and approaching the horizontal positiom Fig'ures 2, 3 and 4, his hands may slide around the grips without any need of changinghis hold. The inclination of the grips 22 swings the aim of the operators thumbs from a' downwardly to a forwardly direction and as the tongue is swung down and this facilitates his manual exertion of combined and successive efforts, beginning witha backward and downward pull, Fig. 2, and ending with a downward and forward push, Fig. 4.

, The arms l3 are identical, except that one is'a right and the other a left form, and each arm comprises the rearward part 25 and a forward part is pivotally connected together as by transverse pivot pins 50 whose axes parallel the axle l2. Theside plate parts 39 and 3f of the parts 25, being joined and spaced in substantially parallel relation near the wheels H as above described, are preferably inclined toward each other forwardly of the brace 33 and are joined and spaced by' the squared saddle plate 34 preferably welded therebetween on the upper edges thereof adjacent the forward ends of the plates, see Fig. 6. The forward part 48 is preferably formed of a pair of plates 62 and 43 the forward ends of which have face to face contact welded together. The plates 42 and 43 diverge rearwardly and respectively lie close to and parallel with the plates 30 and 3! in hinged overlapping relation thereto, Figs. 5 to '7, and converse abruptly at their rearward ends in a welded juncture 45. At'the pivot point the plates 12 and 13 are joined and spaced through the sleeve 53 welded at its ends thereto; the sleeve 53 receiving the pivot pin 50' as shown in Fig. 6. A nut 52 secures the pin 50 inplace. Preferably the pin 50 is held fast in the plates 30 and 3! whereby the arm 48 with its sleeve 53 is pivotally supported on the pin. Preferably a secand sp i g element 4'! is also joined between the plates 42 and 43 flush with the upper edges thereof and rearwardly of the pivot 58 whereby to Join the upper edges of the plates in their contact with the saddle- 34, see Fig. 7, to limit counter-clockwise as viewed, swinging of the part 48 relative to the part 25 as in the dotted position shown in Fig. 7. As shown in Fig. 7 the upper edge of the part 40 isspaced belowthe upper ed e of the part and correspondingly below the bottom face and edges of the saddle 34 whereby to permit and limit the pivotal movement of the part 40 relative to the part 25, see also Figs. 1 and 4.

As' shown in Fig. 2 when the up-ender is first addressed to the drum the arms underlie the head whereby the peripheral bead or chime of the head is contacted and first engaged by the upper edges of the plates forwardly of the brace I8 and more or less rearwardly of the pivot 50, depending on the size of the head, and the spacing of the head from the floor when the drum is more full-bellied than illustrated herein. As the arms are raised, of. Figs. 2 and 3, the forward ends of the parts 25 come to contact the lower sides of the drum rearwardly of the head. To facilitate this contact, resist Wear and achieve the pivotal engagement between the ends of the arms 25 and the sides of the drum. as I prefer, pads having their inboard corners 36 and 31 hardened and preferably sharply squared are removably but firmly secured to the saddles 34 as by bolts and nuts 38. The inboard sides of the saddles 34 are preferably truly square, 1. e., lie in a plane perpendicular to axle I2, and thereby overhang the plates 36 somewhat, Fig. 5, and offer a square bearing for the overhanging L-shaped reinforcing parts 39 of the pads 35 whereby to position the pads and line up the contact points 36 and 31 substantially in a line normal to a plane of the axle. Depending on the size and shape of the drum and its reinforcements the rearward points 31 may have little or no contact therewith as the arms are raised. The points 36 however tend to engage and dig in more or less into the sides of the drum whereby to effect a positive pivotal engagement therewith while the arms are being raised and until the load is transferred to the extreme ends of the parts of the arms, see Figs. 3 and 4. The greater wear thus comes on the points 36 as originally installed, but when these points become worn the pads may be exchanged from the right to left arms and then resecured with the points 3! forwardly and available to carry the greater burden of wear. When both points 35 and 31 have been dulled the pads may be readily removed and the points resharpened as by grinding the vertical surface of the Part 39 as viewed in Fig. 6; this part preferably being given extra thickness for this purpose in the first instance.

To take the load from the points 36 and transfer it to the extreme ends of the arms I3, see F 3, as the drum is raised, and to obtain pivotal engagement with the drum similar to that afforded by the points 35, the forward ends of the parts 40 of the arms I3 are provided at their foremost ends with pads which also effect engagement with the barrel to be up-ended. These pads are L-shapeol as shown in Figure 5 and each is provided with two sharpened and hardened corners 56 and 51. One of these corners on each pad is used to engage the barrel while the other may be made available when the first becomes dull by inter-changing the pads 55 from the right arm 46 to the left arm and again using them as. described in connection with the points 36 and 31 of pads 35. The pads 55 are formed to conform closely to the end portions of the arms 46 against which they lie and are removable though rigidly secured thereto by bolts 58. The points 56 are preferably substantially aligned with the points 36 in lines perpendicular to the axle I2. If points 56 on right and left arms are closer to each other than points 36 on such arms, points 56 will make earlier contact with the drum and thus take the load from the points 36 at a lower position. Spacing the points 56 more widely than the points 36 has the opposite effect.

When the up-ender is initially addressed to the drum, Fig. 2, the floor on which the barrel lies may contact the forward ends of the arm parts 25 and the arm parts 40 may lie flat on the floor in the position shown in Figure 2. The angled relation of the parts 25 and 40 may then be much as shown in full lines in Fig. 7, the upper edges of the parts 25 sloping downwardly whereby to approach the chime of the head in a wedge-like fashion tending to center the up-ender with respect to the drum and extending the forward ends of the arms a desirable maximum distance under the sides of the drum. As the arm parts 25 are rocked upwardly the arm parts 40 rock or fall about the pivots 50 until they are stopped by engagement with saddles 34 at which time they lie substantially as shown in Figure 3. Further movement of the arms about the axis of the axle brings the arms to a position where points 36 and 56 both momentarily engage the barrel. As the arms are rocked still further a slight amount the barrel is lifted out of engagement with points 36 and engaged solely by points 56. These latter points support and continue to raise and tilt the barrel until its center of gravity crosses over the point P about which it is pivoted on its lower chime, approximately as shown in Figure 4, at which time the barrel is drawn by gravity to tilt over onto its bottom end in the desired upright position. The operator preferably uses his feet as well as his hands in employing the up-ender. He simultaneously pushes on the handle with his hands and pushes the up-ender under the barrel with his foot to raise it. The approximate positions his body assumes as a. barrel is up-ended are shown in Figures 2, 3 and 4. In these figures it will be seen that the operator uses one of his feet to shove the up-ender further under the barrel as he raisesit. This permits him to gain full advantage of the lifting motion without any sliding of the contact points along the surface of the barrel. It can be seen from a comparison of Figures 2 and 4 how far under the barrel the up ender has been rolled as the barrel is raised. Thus the barrel and arms pivot about that point on the arms in contact with the barrel as the upender is pushed further underneath.

Foot brackets 66 and BI are secured to the tongue I5 as shown in Figs. 1 and 9, to facilitate pushing the up-ender. The brackets are preferably made of fiat steel bar bent to the required shape and welded in place. If the operator is relatively short he places his foot on the lower bracket 66 whereas if he is relatively tall he may use the higher bracket 6I.

The lateral spacing of the arms I3 with their contact points 36 and 56 is designed with relation to the range of diameters of the barrels or drums to be up-ended. The lateral space between the arms defines the minimum size drum engageable with the arms I3. On the other hand the desired height of the plates 30 adjacent the brace I 8 suggests a generous spacing of the arms to permit their passage under the chime of the head, Fig. 2. I find it practicable to space the arms about three-quarters of the mean diameter of the average size barrel with which the upender is to be employed and thereby have a wide and satisfactory range of usefulness for each device.

The relatively long tongue ['5 provides good leverage about the axle while the hand grips 22 permit easy and comfortable shifting of the grip, forces and efforts from the position of Fig. 2 to that of Fig. 4. The bow 20 permits the operator to position his body partially'ahead of the hand grips by moving it into the space provided. ihe brackets 60 andH permit him to place his foot comfortably in position to roll the up-ender under the barrel and thereby easily advance the fulcrum. under the" load as the barrel is tilted. The device is so built that the operator may apply the maximum force over the shortest work arm as he starts to up-end the barrel. Then toward the end of the stroke asthe barrel requires less force to tilt it, the length of the work arm is or has been increased as through the points 36 to the points 56. When the drum reaches its desired upright position it has automatically disengaged from the up-ender, and the latter is then free to'be rolled to its next point of use or storage; the arm parts. 40 riding clear of the floor when the tongue: is inclined to a position convenient to the operators walking away with the up-ender wheelbarrow fashion.

In Figures to' 13 inclusive I have illustrated a modified form of my invention. Here the up ender may be the same as the form first above described in all respects except the load engaging arms. That is to say that the tongue with the steps "60 and 6| with its handle bar, not shown, is mounted on the axle sleeve l0 and carried by the wheels II the same as above described. In this form however the arms 'Hl are rigid throughout their lengths. To change the effective length of the arms 10 while the load is being raised I provide that the. contact between the arms and the drum shall be along curving and/or diverging lines on the arms and preferably along a plurality of contact points arranged in such lines so that the arms in their lowermost positions will contact the drum adjacent the chine of the head as at about the'points 90, see Figure 13, and thereafter by virtue of the divergence of the contact points will have a progressive series of contacts from about the points 90 to about the oints 99 as shown in Figure 13.

Each of the arms 10 may comprise a tapering angled part H having a lower substantially horizontal flange l2 and" a vertical flange part 69. Preferably the vertical flange. 69 of each arm is tapering from. rear to front whereby to give it cantilever strength; and the horizontal flange 12 is tapering or curved whereby to provide greater transverse spacing between the contact points of the pair of arms from the rear to the front ends thereof. The inboard edges of the horizontal flanges 12 are preferably serrated or given sawtooth form as at 13' so that the several upper corners of the projecting serrations 13 will have contact with the lower sides of the drum in substantially the same way as the contacts between the points and 56 and the drum as above described.

Depending on the size and shape of the barrel or drum D such of the points 13 as the points designated M in Figures 11 and 12 may first engage the chine of the head of the barrel as at the points 98, see Fig. 13,-and then as the barrel is raised to its uppermost tilting position the forwardmost points 15 of the serrated edges 13 may make final contact with the sides of the barrel at the points" Silas shown in Figure 13; it being understood that when contact is made between the points of the arms 10 and the points 99 of the barrel that the barrel will have assumed a tilted position similar to that shown in Figure 4 for the reasons above described. The vertical height of the forward parts of the side flanges 69 is preferably so proportioned as to confine substantially all contact between the arms and the drums to the serrated edges 13 of the flanges T2.

The vertical flange 69 of each of the arms 78 may extend rearwardly and engage the outer end of the axle H2 in substantially the same way that the rearward ends of the plates 3| engage the axle as shown in Figure 5. Preferably I provide plates 68 to which the axle sleeve Iii may be secured in the same way that the plates 38 are secured thereto as shown in Figure 5. These plates 68 may in turn abut and be welded to a transverse member 5'! which is in turn secured to the flanges 69 at its ends and the flanges 72 along its bottom whereby to effect a rigid unitary structure between the plates 68, member 61 and the arms 1B. The member 61 also serves to sustain the lower flanges i2 when they are loaded especially at the beginning of the lifting operation. In this form of my invention the brace I8 similarly secured to the tongue i5 may have its lower ends secured to the brace E3? for the purposes above described.

When the up-ender in this form is first addressed to the drum to be up-ended the extreme forward ends of the arms 18 may have contact with the ground or floor surface upon which the drum rests substantially as shown in Figs. 10 and 12. As above mentioned the forward movement of the up-ender toward the head of the drum to be raised will be arrested preferably by contact between the serrated edges 13 of the arms '10 and the chine of the head of the drum. The operation of the device from the operators point of view in his manipulation of the handle bar 19 and his advancing of the axle toward and under the drum as the lifting progresses is substantially the same in this form of my invention as it is in the form first above described. In this form of my invention the rate of change of the effective length of the arms '18 will tend to be more uniform than in the form first above described because the points along the edge 73 are more closely spaced than are the load bearing points on the arms I 3.

While I have illustrated that the inboard serrated edges 13 of the arm It be given a concave curving contour, I appreciate that experience may well dictate that this contour be varied to accommodate more fully different sizes and shapes of drums or barrels as specific circumstances may require without departing from my teachings herein or the principles of my invention. The most advantageous proportions of length and spacing of the arms i9 with respect to the sizes and shapes of drums to be lifted may well be governed by the considerations discussed above. Since the rearward of the points '13 are lower than the top edges of the plates 39 the former will contact the chime of the head more nearly its point of contact with the floor and will thereby extend the range of usefulness of this form of my invention in consequence thereof.

In both forms of my invention the tongue It with handle bar I9 comprises the force arm of a bent lever and the arms [3 and 1a the work arm thereof. In both forms the axle is the fulcrum and the wheels give rolling support therefor. In both forms of my invention the change in the effective length of the work arm, from short to long as the load is raised, offsets the tendency of the moment of resistance to diminish as the end of the work arm swings upwardly about the fulcrum. In both forms this advantage is taken of the complementary relation of the movement of the center of gravity of the load to the pivot point thereof.

While I have illustrated and described a preferred and modified form of my invention, changes, modifications and improvements therein will occur to those skilled in the art who come to understand the workings thereof and the precepts of this patent and I do not care to be limited in the scope of my patent to the particular forms of my invention herein illustrated and described nor in any manner other than by the claims appended hereto.

I claim:

1. In a device for lifting a generally cylindrical barrel from its side to stand on its end, an axle vmember, a pair of arms secured to said axle member and spaced apart to be moved to underlie the side of said barrel and on either side of the axis thereof to each engage said barrel at a point adjacent said axle, means to rock said arms about said axle, and lift the free ends thereof, and means carried by said arms to engage said barrel at points successively farther from said axle as said arms are lifted, and wheels on said axle to permit said device to be moved at all times relative to said barrel while the same is being lifted to cause said barrel and said arms to pivot about successive points of engagement.

2. In a device for lifting a generally cylindrical barrel from its sideto stand on its end, an axle member, a pair of arms secured to said axle member and spaced apart to be moved to underlie the side of said barrel and on either side of the axis thereof to each engage said barrel at a point adjacent said axle, handlemeans to rock said arms about said axle, and mean carried by said arms comprising plates with outwardly diverging edges adapted to engage said barrel at points successively farther from saidaxle as said arms are lifted, said last named means being adapted to have positive pivotal engagement with said barrel, wheels supporting said axle at all times, and a foot pedal on said handle means whereby the operator can hold said axle adjacent said barrel.

3. In a device for lifting a generally cylindrical barrel from its side to stand on its end, an axle member, a pair of arms secured to said axle member and spaced apart to be moved to underlie the side of said barrel and on either side of the axis thereof to each engagesaid barrel adjacent said axle, second arms pivotally secured at the free end of each of said first arms to form an extension thereof with a second arm free and normally hanging below the extension of a straight line from the end of said respective first arm to said axle, means to lift said first arms by rocking said axle member and means carried by said first and second arms at the ends thereof to engage said barrel at points successively farther from said axle as said arms are lifted.

4. In a device for lifting a generally cylindrical barrel from its side to stand on its end, an axle member, a pair of arms secured to said axle member and spaced apart to be moved to underlie the side of said barrel and on either side of the axis thereof to each engage said barrel at a point adjacent said axle, a second arm pivotally secured at the free end of each of said first arms to form an extension thereof with the second arm free and normally hanging below the extension of a straight line from the end of said respective first arm to said axle, means to lift said first arms by rocking said axle member and means carried by said arms at the ends thereof to engage said barrel at points successively farther from said axle member as said arms are lifted, and wheels supported by said axle member to permit said device to be moved relative to said barrel-while the arms are being rocked to cause said barrel and said arms to pivot about successive points of engagement.

5. In a device of the class described, a frame member, a pair of arms secured at one of their ends respectively to said frame member and adapted to be moved into a point of engagement with a body to be rocked upwardly about a pivot, an abutment on each of said arms adjacent the unsecured ends thereof to underlie said object in position to engage the same, second arms pivotally carried with respect to said first arms, abutment adjacent the unpivoted ends of said second arms also to engage said object, means secured to said frame member to rock said arms upwardly to engage said object successively by said first arms at said engagement point and then at said first arm abutments and thereafter at the abutments on said second arms to engage said object progressively nearer said pivot point as the centerof gravity of said object shifts closer to said pivot point when the object is rocked upwardly.

6. In a device of the class described, a frame member, a pair of arms secured at one of their ends respectively to said frame member and adapted to be moved into a point of engagement with a barrel lyin on its side to be up-ended about one end as a pivot, an abutment on each of said arms adjacent the unsecured ends thereof to underlie said barrel in position toengage the same, second arm pivotally carried by each of said first arms at the unsecured ends thereof to form an extension of each, abutments adjacent the free ends of said second arms also to engage said barrel, means to position said second arm abutments belowa line through said point of engagement and said first arm abutments, a hand lever secured to said frame member to rock said arms upwardly to engage said barrel successively by said first arms at said engagement point and then at said first arm abutments and thereafter at the abutments on said second arms to engage said barrel progressively nearer said pivot point as the center of gravity of said barrel shifts closer to said pivot point when the barrel is rocked upwardly.

7. In a device of the class described, a frame member, a pair of arms secured at one of their ends respectively to said frame member and adapted to be moved into a point of engagement with a barrel lying on its side to be up-ended about one end as a pivot, an abutment on each of said arms adjacent the unsecured ends thereof to underlie said barrel in position to engage the same, second arms pivotally carried by each of said first arms at the unsecured ends thereof to form an extension of each, abutments adjacent the free ends of said second arms also to engage said barrel, means to position said second arm abutments below a line through said point of en gagement and said first arm abutments, a hand lever secured to said frame member to rock said arms upwardly to engage said barrel successively by said first arms at said engagement point and then at said first arm abutments and thereafter at the abutments on said second arms to engage said barrel progressively nearer said pivot point a as the center of gravity of said barrel shifts closer to said pivot point when the barrel is rocked upwardly and anti-friction means at said axle member to permit said deviceto be moved freely beneath said barrel toward said pivot point.

8. A barrel up-ender comprising a lever having laterally spaced work arms adaptedto underlie a prone barrel on opposite sides of the vertical plane of its axis and extend thereunder from the head of the barrel approximately to the midportion thereof, said lever also having a force 'armand afreely' movable fulcrum,-said work arms having a plurality of laterally fixed load engaging parts, said part on'each arm being spaced each from the others and at different distances from the fulcrum, the parts on the work arms at equal distances from the fulcrum constituting pairs, said pairs having progressive piv- "otal contact with said barrel as the same is raised.

9. A barrel up-ender comprisinga lever having laterally spaced work-arms adapted to underlie a prone barrel on opposite sides of the vertical plane of its axis and extend thereunder from the head of the barrel approximately to the midportion thereof, said lever also having a force arm and a freely movable fulcrum, said work arms having a plurality of independent oppositely disposed load engaging parts arranged in pairs having fixed lateral spacing and being spaced different distances from said fulcrum, said lead engaging parts having inwardly projecting portions of limited area substantially defining points for engaging the load progressively increasingly distant from the fulcrum as the load is raised.

10. A barrel up-ender comprising a' lever havinglaterally spaced work arms adapted to underhe a prone barrel on opposite sides of the vertical plane ofits axis and extend thereunder from the headof the barrel approximately to the midportion thereof, said lever also having a force tudinally spaced pairs-having fixed lateral spacing, only one of said oppositely disposed pairs having substantially exclusive engagement with said load as the'same is raised.

11. In a device for lifting a'generally cylindrical barrel from'itsside to standon its end, an

axle member, a-pair of arms securedto said axle member and laterally spaced to' be moved'to underlie the side of said barrel and on either side of the axis thereof to each engage said barrel at a point adjacent said axle, and means to lift said arms" about said axle'jsaid 'arms having relatively 7 fixed serrated barrel engaging edges providing a plurality of ba'rrel engaging points disposed in increasingly laterally spaced relation with each other at increasing distances from said axle member and progressively pivotally engaging said barrel at increasing distances from said axle as said arms are lifted.

3 12. A barrel up-ender comprising a lever having a-force' arm, a wheeled fulcrum and spaced work arms adapted to extend alongside the underside 'of a prone bar-rel from the head end to be raised toward the butt-end upon which the bar- 'rel'is to be up-ended, barrel engaging means caris raised and as' said fulcrum-is moved toward the butt end of said barrel.

13. A barrel up-ender comprising a lever having a force arm, a wheeled fulcrum and spaced work arms adapted to extend alongsidethe underside of a prone barrel from the head end to be raised toward the butt end upon which the barrel is to be up-ended, said work arms comprising first members connected to the fulcrum' and s'ec'ond members pivotally seoured'to said first members and extending beyond the free'ends of' sa-id first members, barrel engaging means carried 'by'said arms engageable with the underside of thetbarrel between-the head end and theniid-portion thereof, said meansbeing disposed near the-ends of said first and second members and-progressively shifting the points of application of force from the head end toward the butt end'of said barrel as the barrel is raised and as said fulcrum is moved toward the butt end of said barrel.

WILLIAM C; ROE.

Riemannens CITED The following references are of record in-the file of this patent:

'UNITEDsTAT s PATENTS Number Name Date 986,585 Moore 'Mar. 14,1911 1,227,480 1 Miller May 22, 1917 1,255,070 Waller Jan.*29, 1918 1,512,913 Dugan Oct. 28,'1924 1,862,299 Ciccone June '7, 1932 2,346,649 Bilek et'al. Apr. 18,1944 

